ABSTRACT
The CRyogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES) Upgrade project CRIRES+ extended the capabilities of CRIRES. It transformed this VLT instrument into a cross-dispersed spectrograph to increase the wavelength range that is covered simultaneously by up to a factor of ten. In addition, a new detector focal plane array of three Hawaii 2RG detectors with a 5.3 μm cutoff wavelength replaced the existing detectors. Amongst many other improvements, a new spectropolarimetric unit was added and the calibration system has been enhanced. The instrument was installed at the VLT on Unit Telescope 3 at the beginning of 2020 and successfully commissioned and verified for science operations during 2021, partly remotely from Europe due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The instrument was subsequently offered to the community from October 2021 onwards. This article describes the performance and capabilities of the upgraded instrument and presents on sky results. © 2023 The Author(s).
ABSTRACT
The covid-19 pandemic generated changes in consumption habits, being the digitization of purchases one of the main shifts, as confinement measures forced sourcing from online stores. Changes in the way of buying products and receiving promotions and incentives have been ob-served as well. For this reason, it is important to study the influence of the most used and preferred promotional frameworks at the time of making online purchases. To that end, two experimental exercises were conducted in order to analyze the preferences for distinct types of product promotions in the laundry detergent category. A sample of 61 consumers were sub-jected to the grouping of four sales promotions to later analyze their purchase intention. The results show that promotional earnings frameworks have incremental effects on the purchasing intention, identif ying availa-bility heuristics in the decision process and a preference for the promotions that included gifts or additions to the product. These findings will allow brands to better manage their online promotional strategy and have better consistency with online shopping habits during the covid-19 pandemic, in addition to expanding theoretical knowledge in purchasing decision pro-cesses. The exercise could be extended to other types of promotions and product categories that were not considered in this study. © 2022, Universidad Nacional de Colombia. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Using a quasi-experimental design with 19 health workers (33.7 ?? 5.1 years), the importance of physical and cognitive condition and performance when wearing protective equipment with a surgical mask during training situations in significant contexts of military intervention has been analysed. Heart rate and its variability, glucose levels, thermoregulation, explosive strength and perceived effort in specific motor performance tasks (tapping test, tourniquet, ammunition), and cognitive and decisional performance (triage) were measured. The results indicate significant differences (p < 05) depending on the physical condition (blood glucose and explosive strength), gender (explosive strength and tourniquet), smoking habit (perceived effort) and specialty (glucose level) in the study group. In conclusion, the importance of physical and psychological training is highlighted to improve the operational response in health-military situations that require the use of a surgical mask.
ABSTRACT
Background: Journal Clubs (JC) are a common format used in teaching institutions to promote trainee engagement and develop skills of seeking out evidence-based medicine and critically evaluating literature. Digital technology has made these formats accessible to worldwide audiences, which allows for increased inclusion of globally diverse presenters and attendees. Herein we describe the experience of the first 17 months of a virtual gynecologic pathology journal club designed with the goal of increasing inclusivity and providing mentorship to trainees and early career pathologists. Design: JC began in a virtual format in April of 2020 as a response to the necessity of remote learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Each JC had one moderator, lasted one hour, featured up to three trainees/early career pathologists, and covered articles on gynecologic surgical pathology/cytopathology. Recruitment of trainees was performed via direct contact by moderators and via social media. Prior to presenting, feedback was provided, and live practice was conducted with the moderator. A template was used for presentation. Evaluations were provided to presenters and attendees for feedback. Recordings of the meetings were made publicly available following the events via YouTube, a society website, and directed emails sent to registrants. Results: 37 unique presenters participated, presenting 50 articles, and most were trainees (32/37;86%) from North America (23/37;62%), with additional presenters from Asia (7/38;18%), Europe (3/38;8%), Africa (3/38;8%), and Australia (2/38;5%). An average of 6 hours were spent per month on mentorship/feedback. Live events had a total of 905 attendees, and recordings were watched 7,923 times. Amongst those who self-identified on provided surveys, the attendees were most commonly from Europe (73/179;41%) and were overwhelmingly practicing pathologists (189/236;80%;Figures 1 and 2). The experience, including mentorship, format, and content were positively reviewed by attendees and presenters (Table 1). Conclusions: JC is an inclusive educational opportunity which was able to engage trainees and early career pathologists from around the globe. In addition, the JC was widely viewed by attendees from multiple countries, the majority of whom were practicing pathologists. Based on feedback, JC expands the medical knowledge of the attendees and empowers presenters to develop their expertise and communication skills.